Notes taken from Power From On High by Jack Cottrell
Introduction Relevant Terms Old Testament: Ruach Used over 380x “wind” (~100x) is most basic meaning Instrument of God (Gen. 8:1; Ex. 15:10; Num. 11:31; Ps. 148:8; Jonah 1:4; 4:8) Associated with power “breath” (> 25x) Also connected with power (Ex. 15:8; Ps. 33:6; Is. 30:28; 2 Sa. 22:16; Job 4:9; Ps. 18:15; Isa. 11:4; 33:11; 40:7) Life-giving breath (neshamah) Cf. 2 Sa. 22:16; Job 4:9; 32:8; 33:4; 37:10; Ps. 18:15; Isa. 30:33 “spirit” (>230x) Like wind/breath, is invisible Angelic beings (Jdg 9:23; 1 Sa. 16:14-16) Human spirit (Num 16:22; Ps. 31:5; 142:3; Isa. 26:9; Eze. 36:26) Holy Spirit (~80x) New Testament: Pneuma ~380x, like ruach in OT Practically equivalent in meaning to ruach “wind” (Jn. 3:8; cf. Heb. 1:7) “breath” (2 Th. 2:8; Rev. 11:11; 13:15) “spirit” Overwhelming majority of cases Sometimes means “attitude”/”state of mind” (Rom. 8:15; 11:8; Eph. 4:23; 1 Pet. 3:4) Usually spiritual beings Angels (Heb. 1:14) Demons (Mt. 8:16; 10:1; Mk. 5:2; Acts 5:16) Human spirit (Mt